i81 - processor made in pure wires. Building schemes inside!

[Black Phoenix]

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Achtung: here lies the most complex of all known wire contraptions. By logical complexity it actually might exceed WireOS 4...</div>


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Warning: Please note the PANIC button in your browser, it&#39;s in top-right, labeled "X". Press it if your brains start to fry</div>


So um, i81 is a processor. It executes machine code, and works with numbers/data, just like the regular processors. Well, it&#39;s far simplier than ZCPU for example! ^_^


Why is it special? This processor is done only in pure wire, i.e. without using all cool functions, like expression gate, or ZCPU. Even more - it uses only 1 timer, rest of gates/chips are logic, ariphmetic, comparsion, and selection chips. Right now only the CPU base uses ~110 chips (i80 was using 130). This is a 4th generation wired processor, following unreleased PHX4004 (which never got really completed much, screenshots pending), and PHX1960 processor (http://www.wiremod.com/showthread.php?t=3117).

Screenshot of i81 processor (it&#39;s old screenshot, some new stuff was added)

Stats: ~105 gates (without opcodes)

Screenshot of old i80 processor (for comparsion)


Stats: ~130 gates (without opcodes)
(It&#39;s still WIP as you see!)

Screenshot of 3rd generation (PHX4004/i40) processor
<---pending--->
Stats: ~35 gates (only timing system)

Screenshot of 2th generation (PHX1960) processor (i10)


Stats: ~40 gates
(Holy crap, that was messy!)



Terms (you need to learn these before you proceed):
Opcode - elementary operation. For example addition of 2 values. Each opcode is written by a mnemonic (short notation), and has 2 parameters. Operation is executed on 1st and 2nd parameters, but result is written into parameter 1.
Operation - one of possible combinations of opcode, and parameters.
Cycle - one execution of operation. This is done from 1 to 4 times a second (set using special clock rate chip).
Microcycle - 1/4th of the cycle. Executed 4 to 16 times a second. Each microcycle does some important CPU task, like fetching values from memory.
Subcycle - 1/8th of cycle. Executed from 8 to 32 times a second. Used to synchronize some events. Can be replaced with latched subcycle triggers - basicly a set-reset latch, which is set when microcycle is toggled, and reset by itself...


Features:

• 12 opcodes. Possible extension to 16 opcodes without severe design changes.
• 108 operations (9 combinations for each opcode)
• 8 I/O ports (4 in, 4 out)
• 4 available registers. Can be extended to 8 (design supports it, it&#39;s just the extra wiring).

Command execution:
Each second there are 1 to 4 cycles executed (it&#39;s set in scheme #01, timing one).
Each cycle has 4 microcycles:
On microcycle #0 opcode is read from RAM.
On microcycle #1 parameter 1 is read from RAM.
On microcycle #2 parameter 2 is read from RAM.
Last microcycle, #3, executes and writes back the result of a command specified by previously read parameters.

Subcycles synchronize writes, back to registers, memory, etc, and increment of IP (instruction pointer)

Opcodes:

• ADD - Add 2 values
• SUB - Subtract 2 values
• MUL - Multiply 2 values
• DIV - Divide 2 values
• CMP - Compare 2 values. Result is written to compare register
• JMP - Jump in code
• CJMP - Conditional jump conditional code jump
• NOP - No operation, do nothing
• LD - Load constant into register/memory
• MOV - Move values between registers

Full saves are not available due to WIP-ness. If asked, I will post WIP saves, and saves of older CPU&#39;s.

[andy1976uk]

YAAAAAAAAAAAARRRRRRRRRRRGGGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH H! *head spontaneously combusts*

[Black Cat]

Can this device be used to calculate ballistic trajectory?

[-Gamah]

/cognative ability

*gets up and walks away absentmindedly*

[Black Phoenix]

Can this device be used to calculate ballistic trajectory?[/b]

Yes h34r:

[Jophish]

This is fantastic, Very impressed!

[Treelor]

Do you see this?

This is what you did to my head.

[Demiurge]

I came, I saw, I came

[Pyro-Fire]

How does it execute commands?

[norhart]

You have way to much spare time... /JOKE

anyway nice done, not a thing I will be able to build...